Review Article

Tirzepatide: An Effective Drug for Type 2 Diabetes and Possibility of Effecting Cardiovascular System

Awid mshain Almutiry, Saleh abdullah Alshahrani, Khaled mhthar Alkaf, Thamer awad Almutairi, Hajer abdulaziz Bader, Nasser hamad Alessa, Abdulrahman ibraihm Alzmael, Mohammed abdullah Alsugairan, Mamdouh ali Alshahrani, Mohamad abdullah Altalha, Abdullah mansour Alzaid, Fawaz mofareh Gohal, Mohammed abdullah Alduaybi, Nada marzouq Alsharif, Fares saqer Aldhafeeri, Fahad qassem Gohal, Abrar Alasmari.

Author Information

Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Health Assistant Department, Primary health care, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Dirab, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Medical Record Department, Primary health care, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Dirab, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Dental Service Department, Primary health care, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Emergency Medical Services Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Armed Forces Medical Services, Prince Sultan Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Address for correspondence: Abrar Alasmari, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Email: Abrar.alasmari@outlook.com

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

American Journal of Molecular Signaling

Abstract

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. several pharmacological groups are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently ap-proved tirzepatide, a unique medicine, for the treatment of T2DM. As a dual-acting agonist of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), tir-zepatide is the first of its kind. Tirzepatide promotes cAMP production in pancreatic ß-cells in a manner similar to those of GIP and GLP-1 (Figure 1). Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) transfected with human incretin receptors exhibit a dose-response relationship for cAMP gener-ation that suggests GIPR receptor activation akin to native GIP, albeit with less potency on GLP-1R than endogenous GLP-1. While binding to and stimulation of GIP receptors resemble that of native GIP, binding and actions at the GLP-1 receptor are less than those of native GLP-1, ac-cording to research on both cAMP production and receptor displacement. However, this article will review the molecular mechanism of tirzepatide and the possibility of effecting cardiovascular system.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Tirzepatide; Molecular mechanism; Cardiovascular system.